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Glossary

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academic M.Sc.-Master of Science degree, falling within the second Bologna cycle, usually including a short dissertation as well as taught courses, representing 120 ECTS credits and lasting 18-24 months.
Source: SOCRATES ECTS documentation http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/socrates/ects/index_en.html

access requirement-Minimum level/requirements for entry to training/courses.
Source: SOCRATES ECTS documentation http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/socrates/ects/index_en.html

accreditation-The process by which an accreditation body evaluates the quality of a higher institution as a whole (institutional accreditation) or a specific higher education programme (programme accreditation) in order to formally recognize it as education having met a certain predetermined minimal criteria or standards.

accreditation agency/body-An independent national or professional body that develops educational standards, criteria and procedures and conducts expert visits and peer reviews to assess whether or not those criteria are met.
Source: Bergen Ministers' Meeting Glossary http://www.bologna-bergen2005.no/

accreditation of prior learning (APL or APEL)-A process for giving recognition to the skills and experience gained before starting a traditional course. It normally involves collecting a portfolio of evidence and is often designed to allow an individual to gain entry to FE without the usual entry qualifications, or to permit exemption from certain courses.

active learning-Mode of learning in which learners take an active role in the learning process, by participating in and taking responsibility for the achievement of defined curricular goals.
Source: ECVET Technical Specifications, Brussels, EAC/A3/Mar. 28/06/05

admission to higher education programmes-The act of allowing qualified applicants to pursue studies in higher education at a given institution and/or a given programme.

alternative pathways-Routes by which competence may be achieved and recognised through a variety of methods.
Source: ECVET Technical Specifications, Brussels, EAC/A3/Mar. 28/06/05

articulation-Articulation or more specifically course articulation, refers to the process of comparing the content of courses that are transferred between postsecondary institutions such as colleges or universities.

articulation route-The setting out of an agreed and accepted framework for allowing progression through training or education programmes.

assessment (as part of accreditation process)-The process of systematic gathering, quantifying and using information to judge the effectiveness and adequacy of a higher education institution or a programme. It is a necessary basis for a formal accreditation decision.
Source: Bergen Ministers' Meeting Glossary http://www.bologna-bergen2005.no/

assessment criteria-Criteria against which learning/competence can be tested/measured.

autonomous learning-Independent, self-directed learning.